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ARCHAIC PERIOD
3050 B.C. - 2686 B.C.
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Keys to this period
1) Upper & Lower Egypt unified under one ruler.
2) Namar is believed to be the King of Lower Egypt who triumphed over Upper Egypt.
3) Memphis, in Lower Egypt, became the capital.
4) Massive mortuary structures being build for the first time.
Summary
Archaeological sources indicate the emergence of a dominant political force that was to become the consolidating element in the first united kingdom of ancient Egypt. The earliest known hieroglyphic writing dates from this beginning of this period; soon the names of early rulers began to appear on monuments everywhere. The predynastic period ended with Narmer (~ 3050 B.C.) and was followed by the 1st and 2nd dynasties, which consisted of at least seventeen kings. Some of the earliest massive mortuary structures (predecessors of the pyramids) were built at Saqqara, Abydos, and elsewhere during the 1st and 2nd dynasties.
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